Thursday, February 10, 2011

The Latest from Boing Boing

The Latest from Boing Boing

Link to Boing Boing

Disgraced security firm asked Bank of America to fund anti-Wikileaks/anti-Glen Greenwald campaign

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 11:34 PM PST


Last week, hackers operating under the Anonymous banner broken into servers for HBGary, a security firm whose COO, Aaron Barr had declared his intention to reveal the identities of key people operating as Anonymous. The hackers released 50,000-some emails from HBGary, including a series of slides presented to Bank of America by HBGary and two other security firms, Palantir Technologies and Berico Technologies.

The slide presentation proposes a series of dirty tricks to neutralize Wikileaks and its supporters, including targetted attacks on Salon's Glen Greenwald, as well as infrastructure attacks, disinformation campaigns, and sabotage. There's no indication that Bank of America signed off on this plan.

Data intelligence firms proposed a systematic attack against WikiLeaks



Floppy drive organ plays toccata

Posted: 10 Feb 2011 01:24 AM PST

YouTube user FunToTheHead has created a working organ that uses finely tuned wheezing floppy drives to play rather impressive renditions of music. It's not easy to sequence for four-note floppy-drive organs, but FunToTheHead has done a rather good job with Toccata and Fugue -- a solid choice for any mad-science organ! I love that he's got the blinkenlights synched with the music.

People have made floppy drives sing before, but this is my personal take on it.

Features two 3 1/2" drives and two 5 1/4" drives connected to a PIC18f14k50 microcontroller. It interfaces to any MIDI source via MIDI over USB. Straight MIDI would also be possible with an additional small circuit and some minor firmware changes. This initial version can respond to all 128 MIDI notes, and pitch bends +/- 2 semitones.

As it can produce only four simultaneous notes, and each drive has a different range and tonal characteristics, best results are obtained by arranging compositions by hand. However, it features two modes of operation: in one mode, MIDI channels 1 through 4 are played directly on floppy drives 1 through 4. In the other mode, all 16 MIDI channels are read, and notes are "intelligently" divvied out on a first-come, first-serve basis. "Note stealing" ensures that melody lines sound, but chords are often cut short. One or the other produces acceptable results for many unmodified MIDI files straight out of your favorite media player.

Phantom of the Floppera

So I built a musical instrument out of antiquated PC hardware... (Reddit)

(Thanks, Evan!)



Death and Taxes, the state budget edition: Massachussetts

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 10:45 PM PST

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Jess Bachman, designer of the incredibly detailed Death and Taxes graphic that shows how the US government spends American taxpayers' money, has produced a state level budget visualization for Massachussetts. "I did this one on commission and it has as much detail as the original Death and Taxes," he explains.

The most largest and most detailed visualization of a state budget ever, this 864 square inch poster (not for sale) compares hundreds of programs and expenditures from the billions down to the thousands of dollars. If you really want to see how a state (like Massachusetts) spends its taxpayers' money, this is it.



Black Metal Greeting Cards

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 10:10 PM PST

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(inside captions, left image: "If I had a heart I'd give it to you." Right image: "Another step closer to the grave")

My hunt for the perfect greeting cards has come to a triumphant end. Dark & Somber Greeting (Etsy shop) is pretty much everything I could have ever hoped for. Valentines and Birthday cards shown above.
(Thanks Theron)


Mike Mignola talks setting and architecture

Posted: 08 Feb 2011 11:26 PM PST

Geoff from BLDGBlog sez, "I just uploaded a long interview with Mike Mignola, creator of Hellboy, B.P.R.D., Baltimore, and much else besides. The conversation mostly sticks to questions of setting -- of architecture and landscape -- because of the nature of my blog, but this gives Mignola an opportunity to talk about the spaces and terrains in which his plots and stories take place. So we talk about landscapes of horror and mythology, as I describe it: from H.P. Lovecraft to old shipwrecks, giant octopi to abandoned houses, coastal marshes to mansions in the Alps. And there are monkeys..."
If I'm doing Victorian London, I'm not trying to do that story for a scholar of Victorian London. In a way, I say that this is more like a 1940s film version of London--in other words, I want to do at least the level of research that you'd see in an old Hollywood film. So I've given myself a little distance from reality with that.

But, as I say, I do like history. If I'm doing something specific, I've got a ton of reference books here in the studio, and I'll try to make sure I get some of the names right and some of the dates right, if I'm referring to specific things. But, for the most part, I tend to shy away from plotting stories that are going to require a lot of very specific, historical research.

In Witchfinder, where I'm doing Whitechapel--well, I've been to Whitechapel. But I'm writing about 1880s, or maybe 1870s, Whitechapel, and I want it to seem like the real thing. So I did a little bit of homework on the East End. But the trouble with doing research for this stuff is that you start finding so much material that's interesting, after you've already plotted the story, and you think, oh, I want to use this, and I want to use this, and I want to use this--well, uh oh, too late.

Ruin, Space, and Shadow: An Interview with Mike Mignola (Thanks, Geoff!)

Indigenous Brazilians fight Amazon dam project (big photo gallery)

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 04:46 PM PST

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Native Brazilians from the Amazon basin demonstrate against the construction of the planned Belo Monte hydroelectric dam, in Brasilia February 8, 2011. Proposed to be built along the Xingu River in the state of Para, the dam would be the world's third largest at planned capacity, though environmentalists and native Brazilians have raised concerns that the project may displace indigenous tribes and damage the environment. Here is a recap of the issue on Global Voices, and below, more photographs from the protest this week.

(photos: REUTERS/Ueslei Marcelino)

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RTXXM1A.jpgAbove, a protester eats ice cream.

RTXXM0X.jpg The sign with a portrait of President Dilma Rousseff reads, "Stop Belo Monte."

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The sign above reads, "No Belo Monte dam on the Xingu."

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Brazilian indigenous people protest outside Brazil's electric energy agency Aneel in Brasilia April 20, 2010, against the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric power plant in the Xingu River. Aneel suspended the auction of the 11,000 megawatt Belo Monte hydroelectric dam that was scheduled for midday (1500 GMT) on Tuesday because of an injunction filed by a public prosecutor in a federal court, ordering it to suspend the auction. Aneel is prepared to go ahead even if the injunction is overturned just minutes before the established time for the auction of the high profile hydroelectric project.


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A Greenpeace member protests outside Brazil's electric energy agency Aneel in Brasilia April 20, 2010, against the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric power plant in the Xingu River.



Playmobil Stop Motion Joy Division

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 04:48 PM PST

That's right. Joy Division's "Transmission" as performed by Playmobil toys in stop motion. It's right in all the wrong ways. [Video Link]

Float: ultralight rubber-band-powered duration model planes

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 04:16 PM PST

Float Documentary Trailer from Phil Kibbe on Vimeo.

These beautiful dragonfly-like model planes can float for up to half an hour under the power of one single-wound rubber band. Check out the trailer for Float posted by Phil Kibbe. Amazing craftsmanship and techniques! Video link. (via devour.com)

99% Invisible: podcast on the power of design

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 04:01 PM PST

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Jesse Thorn writes in with word of a cool podcast I hadn't checked out before, "99% Invisible"—

Roman Mars is a very accomplished and well-regarded public radio producer based in the Bay Area. He just started the second season of his show 99% Invisible. Each episode is a beautiful, rich look at one tiny corner of our lives through the lens of design. The first episode of the season is about the periodic table. One of my favorites from the first season was about flag design. The show is free in iTunes. Roman was a scientist before he got involved in public radio, and his show combines precision, depth and aesthetics in a really lovely way.


HP TouchPad enters fray

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 01:53 PM PST

hpnewstuff.jpg The fruits of HP and Palm's merger are finally coming, in the form of the HP TouchPad and two new touchscreen cellphones. Out until later this year, the TouchPad has the same-size screen as an iPad (at the same 1024x768 resolution, too) and runs a new version of WebOS, the mobile operating system Palm developed to compete with Apple's iOS. It has a 1.2GHz dual core processor, a 1.3MP camera, and a similar look to its competitors. Engadget has video of it in action. Also announced today was a new version of the Pre cellphone, now with a larger, 3.6" display, and the HP Veer, a remarkably small "pebble" smartphone that weighs just 103 grams. [Gizmodo] There was an interesting surprise at HP's press conference, too: WebOS will also be made available for PCs. [Crunchgear]

My essential Mac applications

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 01:38 PM PST

I recently got a new iMac (the 27-inch model) and instead of copying over the SuperDuper backup from my previous computer, I decided to add applications as I needed them. (I took the advice of Leo Laporte, who once said that when he buys a new computer, the applications have to "earn their place" onto the hard drive). On the first day, I installed about 30 applications that I consider essential for the kinds of things I do.

Below are the first five applications I installed, in the order in which I installed them. If this post proves to be of interest, I will write about the other 25 applications I installed that day, in a series of subsequent posts.

Note: This is mainly about Macintosh software but some of the applications and utilities I describe below are available for Windows and Linux. (If you aren't interested and you are reading this from the front page of Boing Boing, press the J-key.)

xmarks-logo.jpg1. Xmarks (Free, cross platform). This browser plug-in synchronizes my bookmarks across all the different computers I use. That way, my Safari bookmarks are the same on my MacBook Air as they are on my iMax. It also backs up my bookmarks, so I can recover them in case they accidentally get zapped.

1password-logo.jpg2. 1Password ($40, cross platform). When I first heard about this password-storing application, I couldn't understand how it could be worth $40. After all, most browsers can save passwords for you. But after using the trial version of 1Password for a couple of weeks, I understood why so many people swear by it. What I like about 1Password is that it generates strong passwords consisting of random characters and fills them in for me. When I visit a website that requires a password, all I have to do is press a button on my browser and 1Password enters my user name and my password and logs me in. It can also fill forms with my address and credit card info. 1Password comes in mobile versions, too, so I can access my password-protected websites on a friend's computer. I also used 1Password to print out a list of all my usernames and passwords and put that list in a safe place so my wife can access my online accounts in case I get hit by a bus.


dropbox-logo.jpg3. Dropbox (Free or $100 year, cross platform). A wonderful service that stores my files in the cloud and syncs them to my different computers' hard drives. If I am using a net-connected computer anywhere in the world, I can access all my Dropbox files via its web interface. The other great thing about dropbox is that I can copy things into my Public folder, and share the files via a URL (Example: the first chapter from my book, Made by Hand).


growl-logo.jpg4. Growl (Free, OS X only). This utility runs in the background and generates pop-up notifications when certain things happen, such as when I receive a direct message on Twitter, an e-mail message comes in, Dropbox completes a synchronization, an FTP upload is completed, and so on. It can be annoying and distracting to have Growl messages pop up every couple of minutes, so I use the preferences to select which applications I want notifications from.


evernote-logo.jpg5. Evernote (Free or $45 year, cross platform) I use Evernote to capture all kinds of information from many different sources. Like Dropbox, Evernote stores everything in the cloud and syncs to your my drives (I can choose which files to keep off the cloud, for security reasons). I use the iPhone version to take pictures of interesting things that I want to file away for later reference. I use the desktop version to save webpages and portions of webpages relating to stories and book ideas I'm researching. I remove the staples from user manuals for tools and appliances and run them through my ScanSnap S1500M scanner and save the files to Evernote. I save all of my bills and medical records on Evernote. The keyword searching is lightning fast, and because EvernoteThe OCR's everything I put into it (including handwritten notes and text that appears in photographs) it's really easy to find what I'm looking for. I use Evernote many times a day, both at my desk and when I'm out and about. Once, when I was in New York, my bank needed some documents that I had previously scanned into Evernote. I quickly found the file using the iPhone Evernote app and e-mailed the PDF to the bank. It's an incredibly useful application.



Braised Cthulhu: tentacled tummy-tickler

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:19 AM PST

Orabrush tongue scraper

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 01:31 PM PST

Orabrush makes an inexpensive modern take on the classic tongue-scraper, bristling with rubber fronds that "reach deep into the uneven crevices of your tongue." Alternative uses: muffin tenderizer; cat de-dandruffer; scoring paddle for kinky lawn bowlers. Also, best PR pitch so far this year. [Orabrush]

How tough is it to build a dirty bomb?

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 01:09 PM PST


[YouTube Link]

On PBS NewsHour, Miles O'Brien reports on the threat that radioactive "dirty bombs" could pose to cities in the U.S., and what's being done to prevent a radiological attack from happening.

300px-Nagasakibomb.jpg

Boing Boing readers may find this segment of particular interest because it features two unique characters familiar to our community of happy mutants. First, David Hahn. Miles explains:

Hahn is the man who earned the sobriquet "The Radioactive Boy Scout" in 1995 when he came very close to building a breeder nuclear reactor in his backyard in suburban Detroit. I am serious as a meltdown.
There's a book about Hahn here, and a Harper's article here.

The NewsHour piece also includes Bob Lazar, the guy behind United Nuclear. BB pal Steve Silberman's epic profile of Lazar and his DIY science business is here, and I can't even count how many times we've blogged about Lazar's aerogel chunks and Neodymium "supermagnets."

Watch "How Tough Is it to Build a Dirty Bomb?" video on YouTube, read the transcript here, or download an MP3 of the audio here. Miles is on Twitter here, and so is PBS NewsHour.

A two-way chat between Miles and PBS NewsHour's web host, Hari Sreenivasan is embedded below—more backstory on how DIY science, anti-terror, and dirty bombs intersect, and how to separate the FUD from fact. And a related blog post from the reporter is here.

[YouTube Link: "If a Boy Scout Can Get Nuclear Materials, What's Stopping Terrorists?"]

[ Image, via Wikipedia: "The mushroom cloud of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945 rose some 18 kilometers (11 miles) above the bomb's hypocenter." The so-called dirty bombs discussed in this story are incapable of this sort of destructive force; rather, their threat lies more in the disruptive, contaminating, and terrifying effect possible in concentrated urban areas. ]

Up-themed engagement-ring box

Posted: 08 Feb 2011 11:31 PM PST


Paul Pape created an Up! themed engagement-ring box as a commission and liked the results so much he's doing ten more and putting them on Etsy: "The piece was originally made from plasticized cardstock and then molded and cast from plastic resin and hand-painted by me. Since the whole piece is molded, I will be doing a limited run of ten ring boxes and putting them up on Ebay on March 1st. This is my annual charity fundraiser, in which I will donate a percentage (40%) to a charity of my choosing. Normally I choose Child's Play, and excellent charity that provides games for children in hospitals, but this time around I think Habitat for Humanity is more theme appropriate."

UP and away! (via Super Punch)



Chris Ware's poster for Uncle Boonmee

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:12 PM PST

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New York magazine's Vulture has the scoop on Chris Ware's fantastic poster for the movie Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives:

When cartoonist hero Chris Ware (Jimmy Corrigan, the Smartest Kid on Earth) was asked to create the poster for Palme d'Or winner Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives, he knew it would be a challenge -- and not just because Apichatpong Weerasethakul's Thai ghost story famously features a scene of princess-on-catfish coitus. "I wanted to get at both the transcendent solemnity of the film while keeping some sense of its loose, very unpretentious accessibility," says Ware.
Vulture Premieres the Poster for Cannes Hit Uncle Boonmee, Designed by Chris Ware

Model rocket launches when fish bites the hook

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 11:58 AM PST


Mayor Mike says:

This week, I outfitted my ice fishing sledge with a rattle-reel, a super-sketchy homebrew detonator (the trigger involves a guitar pick) and a launch pad. Now, I know when a fish bites because a rocket launches.

No one lost a hand today, but we did lose 2 rockets.

My Rocket-Wielding Blast-Off Ice Fishing Tip-Up

Daladubz puts Dumbo to dubstep

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 11:55 AM PST

Daladubz - Pink elephants VIP by Daladubz

Here's a dirty little dubstep track to brighten your day. Daladubz took a few samples from the classic Disney film Dumbo and gave it some bass and a bit more modern flavor. The mix is perfect. Enjoy that drop!

[Listen on SoundCloud]

Encode location data in the surface of manhole covers, help robots find their way

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:16 AM PST

In "Shape Recognition of Metallic Landmark and its Application to Self-Position Estimation for Mobile Robot," (a paper in Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics,) Tokyo robotics researchers Hajime Fujii, Yoshinobu Ando, Takashi Yoshimi, and Makoto Mizukawa, propose to encode location information in the shape of the surface of manhole covers as a source of location data for confused robots:
So say Hajime Fujii and colleagues from Shibaura Institute of Technology in Tokyo, who have worked out that manhole covers are amongst the more permanent of objects in our built environment. And better still, they point out, they are made of metal - and so are easily detectable by a simple metal detecting scanner.

In the latest edition of the Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics, they reveal how the shape of each manhole cover in a locale can be used to give a robot a position fix.

Why bother? Its critical to check your calculated position every now and then against a known GPS position - because robot wheels can slip (their rotations are counted to give position estimates) or a robot's leg stride can be miscalculated, leaving dead reckoning dead in the water.

But GPS, the researchers complain, cannot be received well in downtown concrete canyons. And cameras that compare buildings with Google Street View style databases are no good when the light is fading.

I, for one, welcome our manhole-seeking overlords (via Beyond the Beyond)

(Image: Manhole cover, a Creative Commons Attribution (2.0) image from framesofmind's photostream)



Why kids call homeless people hobos

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 10:23 AM PST


Above is an episode of Kids React to Viral Videos in which some of the kids refer to the formerly-homeless "golden throated" Ted Williams a hobo. My two daughters and all their friends refer to homeless people as hobos, too. I have tried to explain that homeless people aren't generally hobos, but for some reason this word seems have stuck with kids. I never asked them where they first came up with the idea that homeless people are hobos, but it could be that they picked it up from a TV show for kids called iCarly. Or then again, the writers of iCarly may have picked it up from hearing kids say it. (Personally, I blame Hodgman and Apelad.)

icarly1.jpg

Sociological Images has more:

Since one girl attributed her use of "hobo" to the TV show iCarly, Josh did a little searching and discovered that the show's official website contains a set of photos of the cast dressed up for a Hobo Party, complete with captions that make fun of or trivialize poverty and homelessness, including this first one that refers to the store "C.J. Penniless."
Trivializing homelessness: iCarly and "hobo parties"

Is it legal to print Settlers of Catan tiles on a 3D printer?

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:10 AM PST


When a Thingiverse contributor uploaded 3D-print-ready homebrew tiles for German superboardgame Settlers of Catan, it raised a bunch of interesting legal questions. Is it illegal to make your own Settlers tiles? To download 3D files describing these tiles? To host the files? To print the files?

Now, Public Knowledge provides some legal analysis:

Let's start with copyright. Settlers of Catan is probably protected by copyright. Importantly, that protection does not cover the entirety of the game. Instead, copyright protects the design on the game tiles. This makes sense - the image on the tile (of pastures, or fields, or rocky quarries, or the like) is just a picture, and pictures are well within the scope of copyright. However, Sublime's 3D designs make no attempt to copy the images on the tiles. Copyright might also protect the shapes of the pieces, except these shapes are so generic and utilitarian (rectangles for roads, simple houses for settlements) that any protection would be extremely limited. Moreover, Sublime's pieces are generally more ornate that the official versions.

Copyright does not protect the shapes of the tiles (they are designed to fit together, and are therefore most likely "functional objects" outside of the scope of copyright). Nor does copyright protect the actual rules of Settlers of Catan. Game rules, like recipes, have a limited number of ways that they can be expressed. Copyright protects expressions, not ideas. Therefore, in order to protect the free flow of ideas, recipes and game rules are rarely protected by copyright.

PK's Michael Weinberg (author of the excellent white paper It Will Be Awesome if They Don't Screw it Up: 3D Printing, Intellectual Property, and the Fight Over the Next Great Disruptive Technology) goes on to analyze the patent and trademark implications, and concludes that it's almost certainly legal to make, host, design, download and print your own Settlers tiles.

3D Printing Settlers of Catan is Probably Not Illegal: Is This a Problem? (via Futurismic)



Star Wars retold in witty, clever icons

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 10:01 AM PST


Cinemajay sez, "UK-based 'Imperial Web Designer' Wayne Dorrington created this awesome re-telling of Star Wars using only icons. Lines #6 and #25 are exactly the kind of sublime nerdboy humor I appreciate."

Iconoscope No.1: Star Wars Episode IV (Thanks, Cinemajay!)



TOM THE DANCING BUG: The Education of Louis

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:34 PM PST

1024cb-louis---death.jpg



NYC subway rider with rat and spaghetti

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 12:20 AM PST

Creepy head mask to punish "rude, clamorous" women from 1550 to 1800

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 10:01 AM PST

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When Glenn Beck pines for the good old days, this is probably the kind of thing he's talking about.

This item is one of the more disturbing objects in Henry Wellcome's collection. A 'Scold's bridle' is a fearsome looking mask which fits tightly on to the head. A scold was defined as a "rude, clamorous woman". The bridle was used as a punishment for women considered to be spending too much time gossiping or quarrelling. Time spent in the bridle was normally allocated as a punishment by a local magistrate. The custom developed in Britain in the 1500s, and spread to some other European countries, including Germany. When wearing the mask it was impossible to speak. This example has a bell on top to draw even more attention to the wearer, increasing their humiliation. It was used until the early 1800s as a punishment in workhouses.
Scold's bridle, Germany, 1550-1800 (Via Neatorama)

Cool illustrations from a 1964 book about Jules Verne

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 09:45 AM PST

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Designer and Illustrator Ward Jenkins came across Peter P. Plasencia's illustrations for a 1964 book called Jules Verne: The Man Who Invented the Future by Franz Born. He writes:

A great book, with even greater illustrations by Peter P. Plasencia, who, as you may recall, illustrated the wonderful Space Alphabet book. I love seeing how Peter utilized the gouache to create various depths of field by the use of the subtle shades of grey. All the while, flattening the space within the composition. Superb work. Love it.
Images from Jules Verne: The Man Who Invented the Future

Nerdcore Now: new nerdcore sampler

Posted: 08 Feb 2011 11:47 PM PST


Nerdcore Now: Volume 1 is a great, free sampler of nerdcore music from the Nerdcore Now community: "Featuring brand new unreleased tracks from artists such as Beefy, Supercommuter, Adam Warrock, Random aka Mega Ran, Death*Star, Torrentz and so many more! Songs on this compilation cover topics related to video games, nerd life braggadocio, teleportation, X-Men, Pokemon, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy and so much more!"
01 - Beefy - Nerdcore Now
02 - Supercommuter - Robot Party
03 - The ThoughtCriminals - Warp Zone (1-2)
04 - The Future - Teleport
05 - Soup or Villainz - Live In The Arcade Ft. Danyeal McIntosh
06 - Milk-Plus & Lady DKX - I Can Be Your Supervillain
07 - Adam Warrock - Nightcrawlin'
08 - DeathStar - Social Apothecary
09 - Random - Sweeter Ft. Dale Chase
10 - PovertyMan - Rap Cliche
11 - Jake-bit - Redundant Me
12 - Illbotz - Give A Little Love
13 - XoC - A Seed Grows In Brooklyn
14 - Emergency Pizza Party - Never Going Back Ft. Rappy McRapperson & Shinobi Onibocho
15 - Bizarro X-Men - Character Select
16 - Ultraklystron - Bromance Dance
17 - Torrentz - Nerdcore International
18 - Klopfenpop - Don't Panic Ft. MC 117, Milk-Plus & Diabeats
19 - MC 117 - Bulbasaur
20 - Untested Methods - Little Crow
[BONUS] 21 - Random - Fly (Klopfenpop Mix)
Nerdcore Now Volume 1 - Download Now! (via Underwire)

Further proof that God loves us and wants us to be happy

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 08:15 AM PST

Scientific American tackles a very important topic: The physics and chemistry that explain why beer-battered fried things are more delicious than regular fried things.

Why Wikipedia needs women

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 07:45 AM PST

Why does Wikipedia need more female contributors? Example A: The entry on Women In Science From World War II to the Present. No, seriously. There have been more than six. I swear. And not just in the United States and Britain.

Women "computers" of World War II

Posted: 09 Feb 2011 07:35 AM PST

Before it came to mean laptops, PCs, or even room-sized machines, "computer" was what you called a person who did mathematical calculations for a living. That job was vitally important during World War II. And, like many vital jobs on the homefront, it was turned over to women, so that men could be sent into battle. After Pearl Harbor, the military recruited women to be computers, calculating things like ballistics trajectories in top-secret enclaves at the University of Pennsylvania and the Monroe Army Base in California.

At the time, there weren't a lot of women with college-level mathematics degrees, and so the calculators included women working on accounting degrees, and even talented high-schoolers. Some of the women chosen to be human computers went on to become the first programmers of the machine-computer ENIAC.

Jean Jennings Bartik was one of the women computers. In 1945, she was a recent graduate of Northwest Missouri State Teachers College, the school's one math major. She lived on her parents' farm, refusing the teaching jobs her father suggested, avoiding talk of marrying a farmer and having babies. Bartik was waiting on a job with the military. When a telegram arrived asking her to come right away, she took a late-night train and began new career in Philadelphia.

The war ended in 1945, but within a couple months of arriving in Philadelphia, Bartik was hired to work on a related project -- an electronic computer that could do calculations faster than any man or woman. The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, created by Penn scientists John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert Jr., weighed more than 30 tons and contained about 18,000 vacuum tubes. It recognized numbers, added, subtracted, multiplied, divided and a few other basic functions.

Men had built the machine, but Bartik and her colleagues debugged every vacuum tube and learned how to make it work, she said. Early on, they demonstrated to the military brass how the computer worked, with the programmers setting the process into motion and showing how it produced an answer. They handed out its punch cards as souvenirs. They'd taught the massive machine do math that would've taken hours by hand. But none of the women programmers was invited to the celebratory dinner that followed. Later, the heard they were thought of as models, placed there to show off the machine.

The CNN story this excerpt comes from feels like it's missing some key details. But there's also a documentary on the women—called Top-Secret Rosies. I've only seen the preview video that's embedded above, but it sounds fascinating—and more than a little heartbreaking.

Thanks to datakid23 for tipping me off to the post about this on Slashdot!



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